Electronic Components Lab – 3D & 2D Simulation

**Build. Experiment. Blow things up (safely).**  

A real‑time electronics sandbox where you control voltage, ambient temperature, and current limits – then watch how six different components behave. See the circuit come alive in a **rotatable 3D view** and a detailed **2D schematic**.

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## 🎮 What You Do

1. **Pick a component** – LED, DC Motor, Resistor, Buzzer, Fan, or Heating Element.  

2. **Adjust the knobs** – Voltage (0–24 V), Ambient Temp (0–45 °C), Current Limit (0.1–5 A).  

3. **Observe live readings** – Current (mA), Power (W), Temperature (°C), plus component‑specific data (RPM, brightness, frequency, resistance).  

4. **Watch it fail** – Exceed thermal limits or overcurrent thresholds, and the component will smoke, dim, or stop working.  

5. **Reset anytime** – Get a fresh start and try a different component or extreme conditions.

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## 🔬 Key Features

- **⚡ Real‑time physics engine** – Each component has its own electrical and thermal model (forward voltage, winding resistance, back‑EMF, heat capacity, cooling rate).  

- **🧊 Dual‑view interface** –  

  - *2D Schematic*: Shows circuit diagram, voltmeter, ammeter, temperature indicator, and component icon.  

  - *3D View*: Fully interactive (**drag to rotate**, **scroll to zoom**) with animated parts (LED glow, motor/fan rotation, heater coil emissive heat).  

- **🔥 Overheat & overcurrent damage** – Push a component too hard and it will permanently fail. The button turns red and the readings flash.  

- **🎮 Keyboard shortcuts** –  

  - `1`…`6` – switch component  

  - `↑` / `↓` – increase/decrease voltage  

  - `←` / `→` – change ambient temperature  

  - `R` – reset all components  

- **📊 Component‑specific behaviours**  

  | Component | Special output | Failure condition |

  |-----------|----------------|-------------------|

  | 💡 LED | Brightness %, glowing dome | > 32 mA or > 150 °C |

  | 🔧 Motor | RPM (with back‑EMF) | > 160 °C |

  | 〰️ Resistor | Actual resistance (temp‑coeff) | > 0.25 W * 2.5 for 2 seconds |

  | 🔔 Buzzer | Frequency (Hz) | > 130 °C |

  | 🌀 Fan | RPM | > 140 °C |

  | 🔥 Heater | Glow intensity % | > 600 °C |

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## 🖱️ Controls

| Action | Input |

|--------|-------|

| Select component | Click the buttons (or press `1`–`6`) |

| Adjust voltage | Slider or `↑` / `↓` keys |

| Adjust ambient temp | Slider or `←` / `→` keys |

| Set current limit | Slider |

| Reset all components | **Reset** button or `R` key |

| Rotate 3D view | Drag mouse / touch |

| Zoom | Scroll / pinch |

*All controls are real‑time – no simulation pauses.*

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## 🧪 What You Learn

- How forward voltage affects LED current and brightness.  

- Why motors have back‑EMF and why RPM drops under load.  

- The effect of temperature on resistance (positive tempco).  

- Thermal runaway: why components overheat and fail.  

- How current limiting protects circuits.  

Perfect for **students, hobbyists, or anyone curious** about electronics – without burning real components.

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## ✨ Visual & Audio Feedback

- **LED** glows brighter with current, dims when hot.  

- **Motor / Fan** shafts and blades spin faster at higher RPM.  

- **Heater** coils turn red‑hot as temperature rises.  

- **2D ammeter / voltmeter** update 60 fps.  

- **Warning colours** – temperature gauge turns orange → red, current limit exceeded flashes.  

- **Failure animation** – component greys out, button pulses red, and a toast message explains what went wrong.

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## 🔧 Technical Notes

- Pure HTML5 + JavaScript + **Three.js** (3D).  

- No plugins, no server – runs in any modern desktop or mobile browser.  

- Full touch support for 3D rotation and zoom.  

- Real‑time simulation with Verlet‑style thermal integration.

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## 🎯 Try These Challenges

- **Push the LED** – Find the exact voltage where it burns out.  

- **Max RPM** – Keep the motor below 160 °C while extracting max speed.  

- **Heat vs. resistance** – Increase ambient temp and see how resistor current drops.  

- **Current limit rescue** – Set a low limit and prevent a component from failing.

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**Think like an engineer, play like a mad scientist. Ready to plug in?**